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Cyrtandra heinrichii

H.St.John (1987)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Gesneriaceae Genus: Cyrtandra

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs 0.8–1.5(–2) m tall.

Stems: Stems unbranched or few–branched near base, pubescent with multicellular hairs or glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, closely spaced, borne on upper 3–6 nodes. Those leaves of a pair subequal, symmetrical, elliptic to elliptic–ovate, 26–46 cm long, 6.5–16 cm wide. Apex rounded. Base cuneate. Upper surfaces glabrate except the midrib sparsely puberulent; lower surfaces glabrate except veins sparsely brown pilose, young leaves more densely pilose all over; blades coriaceous. Margins coarsely serrate, subentire toward base, occasionally only serrulate. Veins raised on lower surface. Petioles 3.5–11 cm long, usually broadly winged. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 5–7 in dense subcapitate clusters of often compound cymes arising in the leaf axils, appressed brown pilose throughout, sometimes sparsely so, peduncles 2–3 mm long, pedicels 4–14 mm long, bracts elliptic, variable in size, 8–20 mm long, partly connate or distinct, sometimes perhaps 1 of a pair reduced or aborted and a single large bract associated with a cyme, all bracts usually deciduous after anthesis. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx 2–5(6)-lobed, zygomorphic, fusiform in bud, tipped by a beak 3–7 mm long, in anthesis pale green(?), 14–28 mm long, deciduous after anthesis, tube 10–18 mm long, appressed brown pilose, glabrous within, upper 3 lobes 6–13 mm long, lower 2 lobes 6–10 mm long, all lobes usually separating by anthesis, deciduous or persistent in fruit. Corolla usually bilabiate, white, tube narrowly funnelform, curved near middle, 14–18 mm long, ca. 5–7 mm in diameter medially, glabrous, upper lip 2-lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, the lobes imbricate in bud, upper lobes broadly elliptic, 6–7 mm long, 5–7 mm wide, lower lobes broadly elliptic to elliptic, 7–12 mm long, 5–9 mm wide. Stamens 5, inserted about halfway up corolla tube, the 2 upper Stamens fertile, others staminodial, +/– with abortive anthers; fertile anthers coherent positioned in throat of corolla tube, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits or occasionally by apical pores. Ovary superior, glabrous, oblong–ovoid, 2-carpellate, 1-celled, placentation parietal, placentas 2, ± intruded, rarely joined in center and dividing ovary into 2 cells; ovules numerous, anatropous, apex rounded or with a stylar beak; style ca. 5–9 mm long, glabrous; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, lobes usually elliptic.

Fruit: Fruit a fleshy or firm berry; white; ellipsoid; 1.6–2.4 cm long; glabrous; often tipped by the persistent stylar beak. Seeds numerous; ellipsoid; minute; 0.35–0.5 mm long; the surface reticulate.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring by waterfalls; on saturated basalt walls of stream ravines and cliffs; usually in low Metrosideros–dominated wet forest and shrubland; usually occurs with ferns; bryophytes; and herbaceous species.

Elevation Range: 730–1,350 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Phytologia 63: 498 (1987)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:751 (K [as Cyrtandra confertiflora var. obovata]); St. John 1987f:498 (NOMNOV/K [as C. heinrichii], DESCR); Wagner & Herbst 2003:29 (acceptance of C. heinrichii, NOM:Syn. C. confertiflora var. obovata)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Low undisturbed wet forest over rocky, saturated ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1119 Kauai PTBG 8/6/1991
2 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community w/ sedges, grasses & bryophytes. Epiphytes are common in the shrub layer. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 195 Kauai PTBG 9/10/1988
3 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 944 Kauai PTBG 6/19/1991
4 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10796 Kauai PTBG 9/23/1989
5 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Montane wet forest with 60% cover of Metrosideros at 9 m tall and 30% cover of Cheirodendron at 7 m tall, divserse understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 11531 Kauai PTBG 9/9/2005
6 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 197 Kauai PTBG 9/10/1988
7 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Lowland Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2354 Kauai PTBG 2/9/1993
8 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Montane Mesic Forest & Riparian plant communities. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 3968 Kauai PTBG 1/25/1995
9 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 5279 Kauai US 6/3/1996
10 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kauai US
11 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. W.; Lorence, D. H.; Perlman, S. P.; Wood, K. 5213 Kauai US 1/21/1993
12 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, s. p. perlman & r. hobdy 944 Kauai US 6/19/1991
13 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN m. kiehn 1494 Oahu US
14 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Lorence, D. H.; Flynn, T. W.; Wood, K. 6376 Kauai US 6/13/1990
15 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Perlman, S. P.; Hill, B. 10796 Kauai US 9/23/1989
16 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Perlman, S. P.; Hobdy, R. 944 Kauai US 6/19/1991
17 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Deep valley surrounded by steep cliffs laced with waterfalls; along stream PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W. L.; Lorence, D. H.; Flynn, T. W.; Wood, K. 6364 Kauai US 6/13/1990
18 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kiehn, M.; Gustafson, R.; Lorence, D. H.; Flynn, T. W. MK- 900823 -2/4 Kauai US 8/23/1990
19 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood 197 Kauai US
20 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s. p. perlman & b. hill 10796 Kauai US 9/23/1989
21 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. r. wood, m. doyle & d. boynton 196 Kauai US 9/10/1988
22 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t. w. flynn, d. h. lorence, s. p. perlman & k. wood 5213 Kauai US 1/21/1993
23 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, d. h. lorence, t. w. flynn & k. wood 6376 WTU 6/13/1990
24 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R. 5279 Kauai US 1996-00-00
25 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K. R.; Doyle, M.; Boynton, D. 196 Kauai US 9/10/1988
26 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros- Dicranopteris Lowland Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2860 Kauai PTBG 11/10/1993
27 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron mixed wet forest bordered by matting ferns of Diplopterygium & Dicranopteris PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 18151 Kauai PTBG 4/4/2019
28 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, d. h. lorence, t. w. flynn & k. wood 6364 Maui US 6/13/1990
29 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN KPEPP KP1022002 Kauai PTBG 10/22/2020
30 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information edge of landing field PRESERVED_SPECIMEN smith, j.f. perlman, s.r.; wood, k.r. collector number: 4013 Molokai BISH 9/13/2000
31 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and deeply carved drainage with riparian vegetation with Kadua affinis, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Coprosma kauaiensis, Syzygium satia sandwicensis, Dubautia raillardioides, D. laxa, Melicopy wawrana, M. clusiifolia, Myrsine w PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 15988 Kauai BISH 7/2/2014
32 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Niihau BISH
33 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Montane wet forest with 60% cover of Metrosideros at 9 m tall and 30% cover of Cheirodendron at 7 m tall, diverse understory with Melicope clusiifolia, M. wawrana, Vaccinium calycinum, Broussaisia arguta, Trematolobelia kauaiensis, Lobelia hypoleuca, rich fern understory with Athyrium microphyllum, Sadleria pallida, Asplenium polyodon, abundant terrestrial and epiphytic moss. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. boynton, d. collector number: 11531 Kauai BISH 9/9/2005
34 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At base of wall by stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Smith, J.F. Perlman, S.R.; Wood, K.R. Collector Number: 4013 Kauai BISH 9/13/2000
35 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and depply carved drainage with riparian vegetation Kadua affinis, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Coprosma kauaiensis, Syzgium sandwicensis, Perrottetia sandwicensism, Dubautia raillardioides, D. laxa, Melicope wawrana, M. Cclusiifolia, Myrsine wawr PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wood, k.r. query, m. collector number: 15273.00 Kauai BISH 11/8/2012
36 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Montane wet forest with 60% cover of Metrosideros at 9 m tall and 30% cover of Cheirodendron at 7 m tall, diverse understory with Melicope clusiifolia, M. wawrana, Vaccinium calycinum, Broussaisia arguta, Trematolobelia kauaiensis, Lobelia hypoleuca, rich fern understory with Athyrium microphyllum, Sadleria pallida, Asplenium polyodon, abundant terrestrial and epiphytic moss. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 11531 Kauai BISH 9/9/2005
37 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On W wall, on cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN smith, j.f. perlman, s.r. collector number: 4014 Kauai BISH 9/14/2000
38 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and depply carved drainage with riparian vegetation Kadua affinis, Psychotria mariniana, P. hexandra, Coprosma kauaiensis, Syzgium sandwicensis, Perrottetia sandwicensism, Dubautia raillardioides, D. laxa, Melicope wawrana, M. Cclusiifolia, Myrsine wawr PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wood, K.R. 15273 Kauai BISH 11/8/2012
39 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information At base of wall by stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Smith, J.F. 4013 Kauai BISH 9/13/2000
40 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information On W wall, on cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Smith, J.F. 4014 Kauai BISH 9/14/2000
41 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and deeply carved drainage with riparian vegetation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15273 Kauai PTBG 11/8/2012
42 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 196 Kauai PTBG 9/10/1988
43 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 197 Kauai PTBG 9/10/1988
44 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information In dripping wet riparian vegetation. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 17082 Kauai PTBG 5/4/2000
45 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Low wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 5213 Kauai PTBG 1/21/1993
46 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet Windward cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2396 Kauai PTBG 9/1/2010
47 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hawaii US
48 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros polymorpha var. pumila-Dicranopteris-Machaerina windswept hilly bogs; drainage is Metrosideros-Dicranopteris Montane Wet Forest & riparian veg. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 5279 Kauai PTBG 6/5/1996
49 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros Lowland Wet Forest patches and Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2991 Kauai PTBG 2/14/2012
50 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 17287 Kauai PTBG 8/12/2000
51 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Dicranopteris-Metrosideros Windward Wet Forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 2527 Kauai PTBG 2/24/2011
52 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros montane wet mixed community. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 194 Kauai PTBG 9/10/1988
53 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron mixed wet forest with dissecting drainages and steep windswept shrubland slopes with matting ferns of Diplopterygium and Dicranopteris. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15774 Kauai PTBG 12/30/2013
54 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 5323 Kauai PTBG 3/22/1993
55 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1749 Kauai PTBG 3/30/1992
56 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Riparian hanging valley with patches of Metro- sideros Lowland Wet Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 2446 Kauai PTBG 3/22/1993
57 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicranopteris wet forest and deeply carved drainage with riparian vegetation PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 15988 Kauai PTBG 7/2/2014
58 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information Metrosideros lowland Wet Forest surrounded by verticle cliffs of Machaerina angustifolia. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1841 Kauai PTBG 5/1/1992
59 Cyrtandra heinrichii H.St.John Contact Bishop Museum Botany department for locality information PRESERVED_SPECIMEN m. kiehn, r. gustafson, d. h. lorence & t. w. flynn mk- 900823 -2/4 Kauai US 8/23/1990
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